domingo, 8 de agosto de 2010
Reflexiòn
sábado, 7 de agosto de 2010
Palabras de instrucción, secuencia u ordenamiento en el Tiempo
Lea el siguiente texto y extraiga las palabras claves, diga si son de instrucciones, o de secuencia u ordenamiento del tiempo.
Project planning is part of project management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report progress within the project environment.
Initially, the project scope is defined and the appropriate methods for completing the project are determined. Following this step, the durations for the various tasks necessary to complete the work are listed and grouped into a work breakdown structure. The logical dependencies between tasks are defined using an activity network diagram that enables identification of the critical path. Float or slack time in the schedule can be calculated using project management software. Then the necessary resources can be estimated and costs for each activity can be allocated to each resource, giving the total project cost. At this stage, the project plan may be optimized to achieve the appropriate balance between resource usage and project duration to comply with the project objectives. Once established and agreed, the plan becomes what is known as the baseline. Progress will be measured against the baseline throughout the life of the project. Analyzing progress compared to the baseline is known as earned value management.
TIPO DE TEXTO:
De definición o explicación
IDEA GENERAL DEL TEXTO:
La planificación del proyecto es parte de la gerencia de proyectos que se refiere a la utilización del tiempo para planificar, tal como lo utiliza el gráfico de Grantt, el cual representa la herramienta tradicional por excelencia para la representación de las actividades o tareas que conforman la totalidad de un proyecto.
Project planning is part of project management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report progress within the project environment.
Initially, the project scope is defined and the appropriate methods for completing the project are determined. Following this step, the durations for the various tasks necessary to complete the work are listed and grouped into a work breakdown structure. The logical dependencies between tasks are defined using an activity network diagram that enables identification of the critical path. Float or slack time in the schedule can be calculated using project management software. Then the necessary resources can be estimated and costs for each activity can be allocated to each resource, giving the total project cost. At this stage, the project plan may be optimized to achieve the appropriate balance between resource usage and project duration to comply with the project objectives. Once established and agreed, the plan becomes what is known as the baseline. Progress will be measured against the baseline throughout the life of the project. Analyzing progress compared to the baseline is known as earned value management.
TIPO DE TEXTO:
De definición o explicación
IDEA GENERAL DEL TEXTO:
La planificación del proyecto es parte de la gerencia de proyectos que se refiere a la utilización del tiempo para planificar, tal como lo utiliza el gráfico de Grantt, el cual representa la herramienta tradicional por excelencia para la representación de las actividades o tareas que conforman la totalidad de un proyecto.
Actividad Final Y-042
Texto N° 1:
Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.
Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to 'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others
Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management.
(A) 1.- Diccionario:
together: adv. juntos
desired: dejar, desear, bastante
effort: effort /'efərt / /'efət/ n countable or uncountable, esfuerzo m;
accomplishing: cumplimiento
viewed: visto
2. Tiempo verbales (selecciona 1 ejemplo para cada tiempo verbal presente en el texto)
are: presente simple
desired: pasado simple
organizing: gerundio
can be: modal
3. Idea principal del texto (en español)
La Gerencia es el acto de reunir a las personas para alcanzar objetivos deseados. Comprende la planificación, organización, dirección y control de una organización con la finalidad de lograr sus objetivos.
4. Categorías lexicales: (2 ejemplos por categoria)
•Palabras de contenido: organizations, systems
•Palabras de Función: as, the.
•Verbos: are, comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, controlling, accomplishing, Resourcing, can be viewed, defined, including, facilitate, opens.
•Adverbio: no hay en el texto
•Adjetivo: comprises,
•Artículo: the, a, an.
•Preposiciones: in, of, on, to.
•Conjunción: or
•Cognados verdaderos: organizational, activities, objectives, human.
•Cognados Falsos: encompasses (parecido a: "en compases" en la parte musical), accomplish (parecido a "acomplejado"), staffing (parecido a "estafan"), purpose (parecido a "púrpura"), perform
•Sufijo: Management, planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, controlling, getting, viewed.
•Prefijos: N/A
(B). Estructura de la oración: (3 ejemplos) (Selecciona uno o dos parrafos de un artículo relacionado a tu área de experticia)
Frase nominal Núcleo de la frase nominal Frase verbal
1.- Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives
2.- Because organizations can be viewed as systems
3.- Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management
TEXTO N° 2
“A leader leads by example, whether he intends to or not.”
Leadership is essential to personal & professional success. As we look around us, we see that leaders are among the highest paid and most respected people in the world. There’s a reason that leadership is such a prized commodity: great leaders help pave the way for the world to walk a path of excellence.
C.- Estrategias de lectura:
Prediction: (busca un artículo que tenga una imagen que te ayude a predecir)
Skimming:
•Palabras claves: leadership.
•Palabras que se repiten: leadership, is.
TEXTO N° 3:
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well-known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
Scanning: (Preguntas puntuales sobre fechas, sitios, etc) (utiliza una biografía referente a algún autor de tu área de experticia))
•Marcadores de definición •Marcadores de tiempo: •Marcadores de secuencia
Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.
Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to 'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others
Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management.
(A) 1.- Diccionario:
together: adv. juntos
desired: dejar, desear, bastante
effort: effort /'efərt / /'efət/ n countable or uncountable, esfuerzo m;
accomplishing: cumplimiento
viewed: visto
2. Tiempo verbales (selecciona 1 ejemplo para cada tiempo verbal presente en el texto)
are: presente simple
desired: pasado simple
organizing: gerundio
can be: modal
3. Idea principal del texto (en español)
La Gerencia es el acto de reunir a las personas para alcanzar objetivos deseados. Comprende la planificación, organización, dirección y control de una organización con la finalidad de lograr sus objetivos.
4. Categorías lexicales: (2 ejemplos por categoria)
•Palabras de contenido: organizations, systems
•Palabras de Función: as, the.
•Verbos: are, comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, controlling, accomplishing, Resourcing, can be viewed, defined, including, facilitate, opens.
•Adverbio: no hay en el texto
•Adjetivo: comprises,
•Artículo: the, a, an.
•Preposiciones: in, of, on, to.
•Conjunción: or
•Cognados verdaderos: organizational, activities, objectives, human.
•Cognados Falsos: encompasses (parecido a: "en compases" en la parte musical), accomplish (parecido a "acomplejado"), staffing (parecido a "estafan"), purpose (parecido a "púrpura"), perform
•Sufijo: Management, planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, controlling, getting, viewed.
•Prefijos: N/A
(B). Estructura de la oración: (3 ejemplos) (Selecciona uno o dos parrafos de un artículo relacionado a tu área de experticia)
Frase nominal Núcleo de la frase nominal Frase verbal
1.- Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives
2.- Because organizations can be viewed as systems
3.- Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management
TEXTO N° 2
“A leader leads by example, whether he intends to or not.”
Leadership is essential to personal & professional success. As we look around us, we see that leaders are among the highest paid and most respected people in the world. There’s a reason that leadership is such a prized commodity: great leaders help pave the way for the world to walk a path of excellence.
C.- Estrategias de lectura:
Prediction: (busca un artículo que tenga una imagen que te ayude a predecir)
Skimming:
•Palabras claves: leadership.
•Palabras que se repiten: leadership, is.
TEXTO N° 3:
STEVE JOBS BIOGRAPHY
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well-known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula,and others, designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of the mouse-driven graphical user interface which led to the creation of theMacintosh.After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he has served as its CEO since 1997.
•Marcadores de definición •Marcadores de tiempo: •Marcadores de secuencia
Actividad N° 3. Técnicas de lectura: prediction, scanning y skimming
Técnicas de lectura: prediccion, scanning y skimming
•Seleccione un texto que tenga una imagen.
•Observe la imagen y conteste las siguientes preguntas:
1.- De acuerdo al título y la imagen, ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?
2.- ¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?
3.- ¿Que palabras se repiten?
4.- ¿Que palabras se parecen al español?
5.-¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?
6.-¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.
ACTIVIDAD:
REPUESTAS:
1.- De acuerdo al título y la imagen, ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?
Puede que se trate sobre una empresa de servicio de alimentación que ofrezca servicio de comida en línea tipo biffet, como restaurant o para eventos especiales como: matrimonios, 15 años, etc; con diferentes tipos de menús acorde a la ocasión y gusto del cliente. Además, alquila el salón de fiesta, incluyendo la decoración de este.
2.- ¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?
Se trata de un servicio de alimentación y nutrición.
3.- ¿Que palabras se repiten?
Nutrition, Management, Services, Company, to, healthcare, facilities.
4.- ¿Que palabras se parecen al español?
Nutrition
Services
Company
founded
in
comprehensive
facilities
client
independent
hospitals
rehabilitation
centers
psychiatric
dependency
facilities
continue
industry
residents
community
5.-¿Cuáles son las palabras en negrita, el título, subtítulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?
Título: Nutrition Management Services Company
Sub- Títulos: Nutritious Food Expert Management Superior Service
6.-¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.
Se trata de un servicio de alimentación y nutrición para pacientes hospitalizados, ancianos, a centros de rehabilitación, psiquiátricos, entre otros, los cuales necesiten un régimen de alimentación especial.
•Seleccione un texto que tenga una imagen.
•Observe la imagen y conteste las siguientes preguntas:
1.- De acuerdo al título y la imagen, ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?
2.- ¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?
3.- ¿Que palabras se repiten?
4.- ¿Que palabras se parecen al español?
5.-¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?
6.-¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.
ACTIVIDAD:
REPUESTAS:
1.- De acuerdo al título y la imagen, ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?
Puede que se trate sobre una empresa de servicio de alimentación que ofrezca servicio de comida en línea tipo biffet, como restaurant o para eventos especiales como: matrimonios, 15 años, etc; con diferentes tipos de menús acorde a la ocasión y gusto del cliente. Además, alquila el salón de fiesta, incluyendo la decoración de este.
2.- ¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?
Se trata de un servicio de alimentación y nutrición.
3.- ¿Que palabras se repiten?
Nutrition, Management, Services, Company, to, healthcare, facilities.
4.- ¿Que palabras se parecen al español?
Nutrition
Services
Company
founded
in
comprehensive
facilities
client
independent
hospitals
rehabilitation
centers
psychiatric
dependency
facilities
continue
industry
residents
community
5.-¿Cuáles son las palabras en negrita, el título, subtítulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?
Título: Nutrition Management Services Company
Sub- Títulos: Nutritious Food Expert Management Superior Service
6.-¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.
Se trata de un servicio de alimentación y nutrición para pacientes hospitalizados, ancianos, a centros de rehabilitación, psiquiátricos, entre otros, los cuales necesiten un régimen de alimentación especial.
Fin...!
Actividad N° 2
Frase nominal, frase verbal..
Human resource managers help make hiring decisions, conduct training, co-ordinate the evaluation and reward systems within the firm, and chart and manage the careers of the firm's employees.
Research and development managers develop new process technologies to increase production efficiency and new product technologies to expand the range, quality and performance of the firm's products (See INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT).
Information systems managers manage information flows within the firm and between the firm and its suppliers and customers. Increasingly, they also provide access to the wealth of data available via the INTERNET.
LEYENDA:
Frase nominal núcleo Frase verbal Verbo
Human resource managers help make hiring decisions, conduct training, co-ordinate the evaluation and reward systems within the firm, and chart and manage the careers of the firm's employees.
Research and development managers develop new process technologies to increase production efficiency and new product technologies to expand the range, quality and performance of the firm's products (See INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT).
Information systems managers manage information flows within the firm and between the firm and its suppliers and customers. Increasingly, they also provide access to the wealth of data available via the INTERNET.
LEYENDA:
Frase nominal núcleo Frase verbal Verbo
Actividad N° 1
Adjetivos, adverbios, verbo, preposición, conjunción, cognados positivos o negativos, etc..
Although each aspect of business management is important, the relative emphasis on each within a firm depends on the firm's competitive strategy and the industry and country in which it operates. Business management differs among banks, retail stores (see RETAIL TRADE) and MANUFACTURING firms, as well as among firms from Canada, the US, Japan and China. Business management in Canada has developed several unique characteristics because of Canada's geography, economy, its political, social and cultural systems, and its history.
LEYENDA:
conjunción cognado positivo sustantivo cognado negativo preposición artículo sufijo adjetivo
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